Sudan Civil War

2023 – ongoing East Africa Status: active Casualties: 150,000+ estimated

Power struggle between SAF general al-Burhan and RSF commander Hemedti erupted in April 2023. Urban warfare in Khartoum, ethnic violence in Darfur, and mass famine. Worst humanitarian crisis on Earth.

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Belligerents

Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF)
Rapid Support Forces (RSF)

Casualties

150,000+ estimated

Key events

April 2023 — Khartoum fighting begins
2024 — RSF takes most of Darfur; ethnic massacres
2024 — Famine declared in Zamzam camp

Aftermath

Ongoing. Sudan effectively partitioned. RSF's Darfur ethnic cleansing campaigns echo 2003–05 genocide. Regional spillover to Chad, South Sudan, Ethiopia. UAE / Egypt / Iran / Russia (Wagner) all backing different factions — making this a proxy conflict.

Weapons & matériel

SAF: tanks, MiGs, Sukhois, artillery
RSF: technicals, captured artillery, UAE-supplied drones (alleged)
Both sides: small arms, mortars

Economy

Critical Nile water/agriculture infrastructure destroyed; gold smuggling funds RSF

Cost

Sudanese economy collapsed; famine declared in Darfur 2024

Sources

UN OCHA
ACLED
Sudan Tribune

From World at War, an interactive atlas by Jairus Pereira. Figures are approximate, drawn from Wikipedia, UCDP, ACLED and academic sources — a design artefact, not an authoritative register. Contact.